The Middle East stands as a focal point of global significance due to its economic and strategic importance, its historical role as a gateway between regions, and the discovery of oil, which elevated its status in the global economy. However, the region has been marred by conflicts, particularly the Arab-Israeli conflict, which has persisted for decades and remains a central issue in international relations. Despite efforts at peace processes, the fundamental issues underlying the conflict have not been adequately addressed. This study aims to analyze the territorial claims and national aspirations of both sides, highlighting the structural flaws in peace initiatives. It also examines the role of international organizations, particularly the United Nations, in managing the conflict. The research questions delve into the reasons for the failure to achieve territorial conciliation, the impact of nationalism on aspirations, and the implications for global security. By shedding light on these issues, the study contributes to understanding the complexities of the conflict and its broader implications.