The study delves into the persistent issue of refugees and human security in West Africa, emphasizing the significant challenges posed by large-scale refugee movements due to conflicts, civil wars, and other destabilizing factors. It examines the precarious conditions refugees endure and the substantial security burdens these situations impose on the international community. The research traces the historical context of refugee issues, highlighting key international and regional legal frameworks such as the UN Refugee Convention and the OAU Refugee Convention, aimed at providing protection and security to refugees. Specifically, the study focuses on the refugee situations in Nigeria and Ghana from 1990 to 2005, exploring the definition, status determination, and international protection of refugees from an African perspective, as well as the theoretical and practical aspects of human security in the region. The methodology involves a combination of historical analysis and cross-disciplinary approaches, utilizing both primary and secondary data sources. By critically examining the interplay between refugee issues and human security, the research aims to offer insights into the effectiveness of existing policies and the need for improved solutions to enhance the protection and security of refugees in West Africa.