Education is the cornerstone of national development, empowering individuals and driving economic growth. In Nigeria, with its youthful population exceeding 200 million, a robust secondary education system is crucial for future progress. This research investigates the influence of salary structure on job satisfaction and performance among Nigerian secondary school teachers, whose roles are pivotal in shaping educational quality. Despite their importance, many teachers face challenges such as inadequate salaries, leading to job dissatisfaction and reduced effectiveness. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study examines the relationship between base salary, pay scale progression, performance-based pay, additional financial benefits, and various dimensions of job satisfaction and teacher performance. The findings aim to inform policy changes that enhance teacher motivation, improve educational outcomes, and ultimately contribute to national development by fostering a more effective and committed teaching workforce.